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Anguina agrostis
''Anguina agrostis'' (Bentgrass nematode, seed-gall nematode) is a plant pathogenic nematode.〔〔(''Anguina agrostis'' ) at Nemaplex, University of California〕
== History and Significance ==
''Anguina agrostis'' was one of the first plant parasitic nematodes to be taxonomically described by J.G. Steinbuch in 1799. While on a “botanical walk”, Steinbuch collected samples from a grass that resembled ''Agrostis silvatica''. He examined the samples and discovered that the grass was not ''A. silvatica'' but was rather a degenerate form of ''Agrostis capillaris''; he further discovered that ''A. silvatica'' is not a true species (or variety) but that the misclassification of the grass was due to the formation of galls by ''A. agrostis'' parasitism.〔Bird, A.F. 1981. The ''Anguina''-''Corynebacterium'' Association. Pages 303-323 in: Plant Parasitic Nematodes, B.M. Zuckerman and R.A. Rohde, eds. Academic Press, New York, NY, USA.〕 Galls caused by ''A. agrostis'' have glumes that are 4-5 times longer than normal and can cause yield losses of up to 40-70%.〔〔Lehman, P.S. (1979). Nematology Circular. In Seed and Leaf Gall Nematodes of the Genus ''Anguina'' occurring in North America (Gainesville, Florida: Florida Department of Agricultural and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry).〕〔Alderman, S., Bilsland, D., Griesbach, J., Milbrath, G., Schaad, N., and Postnikova, E. 2003. Use of a Seed Scarifier for Detection and Enumeration of Galls of ''Anguina'' and ''Rathayibacter'' Species in Orchard Grass Seed. Plant disease 87:320-323.〕 In addition to crop loss, ''A. agrostis'' associates with pathogenic bacteria ''Rathayibacter rathayi'' (formerly ''Corynebacterium rathayi'') to cause annual ryegrass toxicity in Australia.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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